docs/develop: More reorganization.
* There is now a 'busses' folder, and the extant USB/SDHCI/Bluetooth/etc. docs now live in it, instead of various other places. * kernel/ports is now kernel/arch, like it is in src/system. SPARC documentation is now in there, too. * VM files (these are rather outdated) are now in kernel/vm. * SCSI ASC info removed, this is easily available online and it doesn't seem to be very relevant.
This commit is contained in:
Augustin Cavalier
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
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# Allwinner A10
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* http://linux-sunxi.org
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# Hardware Information
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The A10 is a system-on chip. There are many devices based on it, for example
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the CubieBoard and the Rikomagic mk802 (versions I and II).
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* ARMv7 Architecture (Cortex-A8)
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* Mali 400MP GPU
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* CedarX VPU
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* SD Card Storage
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* 1GB RAM (DDR)
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* 4GB NAND Flash
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* Video Outputs
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* HDMI Video Output
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* Ethernet
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* USB
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# Setting up the Haiku SD card
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Not so fun layout here. The A10 boot ROM reads raw blocks from the SD card
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(MBR style), so the bootloader can't just be dropped in a FAT32 partition.
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* 8KB partition table
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* 24KB SPL loader
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* 512KB u-boot
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* 128KB u-boot environment variables
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* 352KB unused
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* partition 1 -- FAT32 or ext2 (anything u-boot can read is fine)
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* partition 2 -- BeFS, Haiku filesystem, type 'eb'
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Note this layout can be a bit different depending on the u-boot version used,
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some versions will store the environment in uEnv.txt in the FAT32 partition
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instead. Since everything is loaded from the SD Card, we are free to customize
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the u-boot or even remove it and get haiku_loader booting directly.
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## Boot Partition
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### Required Files
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* haiku_loader: Haiku Loader
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* haiku-floppyboot.tgz: Compressed image with Haiku kernel
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# Booting
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1. SOC load SPL
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2. SPL loads u-boot
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2. u-boot loads and run the kernel
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SPL is a small binary (24K) loaded from a fixed location on the SD card. It
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does minimal hardware initializations, then loads u-boot, also from the SD
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card. From there on things go as usual.
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In the long term, we can make haiku_loader be an SPL executable on this
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platform, if it fits the 24K size limit, or have a custom stage1 that loads it.
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For now, u-boot can be an useful debugging tool.
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## Script.bin
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In order to work on different devices (RAM timings, PIO configs, ...), the
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Linux kernels for Allwinner chips use a "script.bin" file. This is loaded to
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RAM at a fixed address by u-boot, then the Kernel parses it and uses it to
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configure the hardware (similar to FDT).
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We should probably NOT use this, and convert the script.bin file to an FDT
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instead. The format is known and there are tools to convert the binary file
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to an editable text version and back (bin2fex and fex2bin).
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This FEX stuff isn't merged in mainline Linux, and lives on as Allwinner
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patches. The mainline Linux kernel has some A10 support, rewritten to use
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FDT. We may use the FDT files from there for the most common boards.
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# Emulation support
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qemu 1.0 has a Cubieoard target which emulates this chip.
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# Useful links
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Arch Linux instructions on creating a bootable SD card (partition layout, etc)
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http://archlinuxarm.org/platforms/armv7/allwinner/cubieboard#qt-platform_tabs-ui-tabs2
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Linux SunXi: mainline Linux support for the Allwinner chips. Lots of docs on the hardware.
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http://linux-sunxi.org/
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@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
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# BeagleBone Black
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* http://beagleboard.org
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* TODO: This is a WIP
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# Hardware information (Rev A5A)
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* ARMv7 Architecture
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* Sitara AM3359AZCZ100 Cortex-A8 CPU @ 1 Ghz
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* PowerVR SGX530 3D GPU
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* eMMC Onboard Storage 2GB (MMC1)
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* SD Card Storage (MMC0)
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* 512 MB DDR3L RAM
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* Video Outputs
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* HDMI Video Output (with audio)
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* SMSC LAN8710A Ethernet
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# Setting up the Haiku SD card
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The BeagleBone Black supports booting from an microSD card while the boot switch is pressed at power on. A MBR file system layout is normally used as seen below. Partition 1 is all that is required to boot an OS.
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* partition 1 -- FAT32, bootable flag, type 'c'
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* partition 2 -- BeFS, Haiku filesystem, type 'eb'
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## Boot Partition
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### Required files
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* MLO
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* u-boot.img: u-Boot image
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* uEnv.txt: u-Boot Environment settings
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### Optional files
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* ID.txt: Unknown
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# Compiling
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* Create your work directory `mkdir generated.beagle; cd generated.beagle`
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* Build an ARM toolchain using `../configure --build-cross-tools arm ../../buildtools --target-board beagle`
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* TODO
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# Booting
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1. If the boot switch is not depressed:
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MMC1, MMC0, UART0, USB0
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2. If the boot switch is depressed:
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SPI0, MMC0, USB0, UART0
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# Emulation
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The Linaro Fork of QEmu has beagle board (and other OMAP3) support.
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https://launchpad.net/qemu-linaro
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It seems you get this as the default QEmu install on some, but not all, Ubuntu
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versions. For other distros (or Haiku), you'll have to compile it yourself.
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# Additional information
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* [CircutCo WikiPage](http://circuitco.com/support/index.php?title=BeagleBoneBlack)
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* [BeagleBone Black A5A SRM](https://github.com/CircuitCo/BeagleBone-Black/blob/master/BBB_SRM.pdf?raw=true)
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@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
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Notes on Efika MX port -*- org -*-
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* FDT
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http://svnweb.freebsd.org/base/head/sys/boot/fdt/dts/imx51x.dtsi?revision=248557&view=markup
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http://svnweb.freebsd.org/base/head/sys/boot/fdt/dts/efikamx.dts?revision=248557&view=markup
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@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
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http://www.NetBSD.org/ports/hpcarm/
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http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-ipaq/index.html
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http://mstempin.free.fr/linux-ipaq/html_nochunks/Linux-iPAQ-HOWTO-1.1.html#BACKING-UP-BOOTLOADER
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http://www.eecs.umich.edu/~panalyzer/
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http://www.eecs.umich.edu/~panalyzer/sim-ipaq/sim_ipaq_readme.html
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http://blogs.unbolt.net/index.php/brinley/2007/08/04/exploring_hp_ipaq_6515e_bootloader
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http://gert-menke.de/jtag-howto/
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http://ecos.sourceware.org/docs-3.0/redboot-guide/ipaq.html
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http://www.balloonboard.org/balloon/balloon3/distro/test-v0.2/sources/balloonsvn/bootldr295/doc/install-via-osloader.html
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RS232:
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http://www.kronosrobotics.com/Zeus/IPAQcon.pdf
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http://bevhoward.com/serial.htm
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http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg132363.html
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http://web.archive.org/web/20050408063754/http://www.handhelds.org/pipermail/ipaq/2000-August/000061.html
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@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
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* Does not support < ARMv5
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* Requires support for high vectors
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@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
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# Raspberry Pi
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* http://raspberrypi.org
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# Hardware Information
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* ARMv6 Architecture
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* Broadcom BCM2835 (SoC)
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* Includes ARM1176JZF-S CPU @ 700 MHz
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* Includes VideoCore IV GPU
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* SD Card Storage
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* 256 or 512 MB RAM (depending on revision)
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* Video Outputs
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* HDMI Video Output
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* Composite Video Output
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* Ethernet
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# Setting up the Haiku SD card
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The Raspberry Pi SD card generally uses the MBR file system layout below. Partition 1 is all that is required to boot an OS.
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* partition 1 -- FAT32, bootable flag, type 'c'
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* partition 2 -- BeFS, Haiku filesystem, type 'eb'
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## Boot Partition
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### Required Files
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* bootcode.bin : 2nd stage bootloader
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* start.elf: The GPU binary firmware image
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* config.txt: A configuration file read by the Pi to start u-boot.bin
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* u-boot.bin: u-boot loader for the Pi 2
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* bcm2835-rpi-b.dtb: FDT binary for the Raspberry Pi 2
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* haiku_loader_linux.ub: Haiku Loader
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* haiku-floppyboot.tgz.ub: Compressed initial ram image with Haiku kernel
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### Optional Files
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* vlls directory: Additional GPU code, e.g. extra codecs.
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* uEnv.txt: u-boot configuration script to automate boot.
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# Compiling
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* Create your ARM work directory `mkdir generated.arm; cd generated.arm`
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* Build an ARM toolchain using `../configure --build-cross-tools arm ../../buildtools --target-board=rpi1`
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* Build our loader using `jam -q haiku_loader_linux.ub`
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* Build our initial ram disk using `jam -q haiku-floppyboot.tgz.ub`
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# Booting
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1. SOC finds bootcode.bin
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2. bootcode.bin runs start.elf
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3. start.elf reads config.txt and start u-boot
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4. u-boot.bin starts the Haiku loader
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5. Haiku loader boots Haiku kernel
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## config.txt Options
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kernel=u-boot.bin
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## u-boot startup
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These will be condensed and automated long-term via uEnv.txt :-)
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* `fatload mmc 0 ${fdt_addr_r} bcm2835-rpi-b.dtb`
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* `fdt addr ${fdt_addr_r}`
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* `fatload mmc 0 ${ramdisk_addr_r} haiku-floppyboot.tgz.ub`
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* `fatload mmc 0 ${kernel_addr_r} haiku_loader_linux.ub`
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* `bootm ${kernel_addr_r} ${ramdisk_addr_r} ${fdt_addr_r}`
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# Additional Information
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* [Latest Raspberry Pi firmware](http://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/tree/master/boot)
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* [config.txt options](http://www.elinux.org/RPiconfig)
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@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
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# Raspberry Pi 2
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* http://raspberrypi.org
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# Hardware Information
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* ARMv7 Architecture
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* Broadcom BCM2836 (SoC)
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* Includes Quad ARM1176JZF-S CPU @ 900 MHz
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* Includes VideoCore IV GPU
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* SD Card Storage
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* 1 GB RAM
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* Video Outputs
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* HDMI Video Output
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* Composite Video Output
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* Ethernet
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# Setting up the Haiku SD card
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|
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The Raspberry Pi SD card generally uses the MBR file system layout below. Partition 1 is all that is required to boot an OS.
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* partition 1 -- FAT32, bootable flag, type 'c'
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* partition 2 -- BeFS, Haiku filesystem, type 'eb'
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## Boot Partition
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### Required Files
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* bootcode.bin : 2nd stage bootloader
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* start.elf: The GPU binary firmware image
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* config.txt: A configuration file read by the Pi to start u-boot.bin
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* u-boot.bin: u-boot loader for the Pi 2
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* bcm2836-rpi-2-b.dtb: FDT binary for the Raspberry Pi 2
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* haiku_loader_linux.ub: Haiku Loader
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* haiku-floppyboot.tgz.ub: Compressed initial ram image with Haiku kernel
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|
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### Optional Files
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* vlls directory: Additional GPU code, e.g. extra codecs.
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* uEnv.txt: u-boot configuration script to automate boot.
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# Compiling
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* Create your ARM work directory `mkdir generated.arm; cd generated.arm`
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* Build an ARM toolchain using `../configure --build-cross-tools arm ../../buildtools --target-board=rpi2`
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* Build our loader using `jam -q haiku_loader_linux.ub`
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* Build our initial ram disk using `jam -q haiku-floppyboot.tgz.ub`
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# Booting
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1. SOC finds bootcode.bin
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2. bootcode.bin runs start.elf
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3. start.elf reads config.txt and start u-boot
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4. u-boot.bin starts the Haiku loader
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5. Haiku loader boots Haiku kernel
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## config.txt Options
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kernel=u-boot.bin
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## u-boot startup
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These will be condensed and automated long-term via uEnv.txt :-)
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* `fatload mmc 0 ${fdt_addr_r} bcm2836-rpi-2-b.dtb`
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* `fdt addr ${fdt_addr_r}`
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* `fatload mmc 0 ${ramdisk_addr_r} haiku-floppyboot.tgz.ub`
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* `fatload mmc 0 ${kernel_addr_r} haiku_loader_linux.ub`
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* `bootm ${kernel_addr_r} ${ramdisk_addr_r} ${fdt_addr_r}`
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# Additional Information
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* [Latest Raspberry Pi firmware](http://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/tree/master/boot)
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* [config.txt options](http://www.elinux.org/RPiconfig)
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@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
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* Fix pre-ARMv7 support
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Currently the cross-tools are compiled to default to ARMv7, Cortex-A8, and
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hardware floating point. This works around the missing atomic support, see
|
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below. This should be done by setting the -mcpu,-march and -mfloat-abi
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switches at build time, however, they aren't passed on to haikuporter
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during the bootstrap build, leading to the ports failing to find the
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gcc atomic ops again.
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* Determine how to handle atomic functions on ARM.
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GCC inlines are not supported, since the instructionset is ill-equiped for
|
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this on older (pre-ARMv7) architectures. We possibly have to do something
|
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similar to the linux kernel helper functions for this....
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On ARMv7 and later, this is not an issue. Not sure about ARMv6, we may get
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it going there. ARMv5 definitely needs us to write some code, but is it
|
||||
worth the trouble?
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* Fix multilib support
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ARM-targetting versions of gcc are usually built with multilib support, to
|
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allow targetting architectures with or without FPU, and using either ARM
|
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or Thumb instructions. This bascally means a different libgcc and libstdc++
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are built for each combination.
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The cross-tools can be built with multilib support. However, we do some
|
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tricks to get a separate libgcc and libstdc++ for the kernel (without C++11
|
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threads support, as that would not build in the kernel). Building this lib
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is not done in a multilib-aware way, so you get one only for the default
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arch/cpu/abi the compiler is targetting. This is good enough, as long as that
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arch is the one we want to use for the kernel...
|
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Later on, the bootstrap build of the native gcc compiler will fail, because
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it tries to build its multilib library set by linking against the different
|
||||
versions of libroot (with and without fpu, etc). We only build one libroot,
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so this also fails.
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||||
* Figure out how to get page flags (modified/accessed) and implement it ;)
|
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use unmapped/read-only mappings to trigger soft faults
|
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for tracking used/modified flags for ARMv5 and ARMv6
|
||||
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||||
* Fix serial port mapping. Currently kernel uses the haiku_loader identity
|
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mapping for it, but this lives in user virtual address space...
|
||||
(Need to not use identity mapping in haiku_loader but just
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||||
map_physical_memory() there too so it can be handed over without issues).
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||||
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||||
* Seperate ARM architecture/System-On-Chip IP code. Needed very early on
|
||||
(Interrupt Controller, Timer IP block). Should use FDT for this too.
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||||
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||||
* Use FDT to remove all the seperate board definitions in the build. Use a
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"minimal ARM architecture version" as the compile flag for ARM support.
|
||||
This to be able to optimize a kernel build for a specific SoC (or family).
|
||||
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||||
* KDL disasm module.
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cf.
|
||||
http://fxr.watson.org/fxr/source/arch/arm/arm/disassem.c?v=NETBSD
|
||||
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||||
* Add KDL hangman to the boot floppy image for more enjoyment during porting....
|
||||
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||||
* Userland...........
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||||
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||||
* Bootloader TODOs:
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||||
- Better handling of memory ranges. Currently no checks are done, and
|
||||
memory is assumed to be a single contiguous range, and the "input"
|
||||
ranges for mmu_init are setup, but never considered.
|
||||
- Allocate the pagetable range using mmu_allocate() instead of identity
|
||||
mapping it. That way, there's a bit more flexibility in where to place
|
||||
it both physically and virtually. This will need a minor change on the
|
||||
kernel side too (in the early pagetable allocator).
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
|
||||
* FDT
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||||
http://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot/UBootFdtInfo
|
||||
http://wiki.freebsd.org/FlattenedDeviceTree#Supporting_library_.28libfdt.29
|
||||
http://elinux.org/images/4/4e/Glikely-powerpc-porting-guide.pdf
|
||||
http://ols.fedoraproject.org/OLS/Reprints-2008/likely2-reprint.pdf
|
||||
http://www.bsdcan.org/2010/schedule/events/171.en.html
|
||||
http://www.devicetree.org/ (unofficial bindings)
|
||||
http://www.devicetree.org/Device_Tree_Usage
|
||||
http://elinux.org/Device_Trees
|
||||
* OF
|
||||
http://www.openfirmware.info/Bindings
|
||||
* Floating Point; VFP
|
||||
https://wiki.debian.org/ArmHardFloatPort/VfpComparison
|
||||
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Block a user