Update userguide translations
Includes the first version of the Welcome Quick Tour
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Augustin Cavalier
Augustin Cavalier
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="id" xml:lang="id">
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<head>
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<!--
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*
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* Copyright 2008-2019, Haiku. All rights reserved.
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* Distributed under the terms of the MIT License.
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*
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* Authors:
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* Niels Reedijk, Matt Madia and Ingo Weinhold who wrote
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* http://dev.haiku-os.org/wiki/ and http://dev.haiku-os.org/wiki/ReportingBugs
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* Humdinger <[email protected]>
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*
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-->
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
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<meta name="robots" content="all" />
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<title>Reporting bugs</title>
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../Haiku-doc.css" />
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</head>
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<body>
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<div id="banner">
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<div><span>User guide</span></div>
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</div>
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<div class="nav">
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<div class="inner">
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<ul class="lang-menu">
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<li class="now"><img src="../images/flags/id.png" alt="" /> Bahasa Indonesia</li>
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<li><a href="../ca/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/ca.png" alt="" />Català</a></li>
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<li><a href="../de/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/de.png" alt="" />Deutsch</a></li>
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<li><a href="../en/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/gb.png" alt="" />English</a></li>
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<li><a href="../es/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/es.png" alt="" />Español</a></li>
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<li><a href="../fr/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/fr.png" alt="" />Français</a></li>
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<li><a href="../fur/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/fur.png" alt="" />Furlan</a></li>
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<li><a href="../it/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/it.png" alt="" />Italiano</a></li>
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<li><a href="../hu/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/hu.png" alt="" />Magyar</a></li>
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<li><a href="../pl/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/pl.png" alt="" />Polski</a></li>
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<li><a href="../pt_PT/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/pt_PT.png" alt="" />Português</a></li>
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<li><a href="../pt_BR/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/pt_BR.png" alt="" />Português (Brazil)</a></li>
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<li><a href="../ro/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/ro.png" alt="" />Română</a></li>
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<li><a href="../sk/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/sk.png" alt="" />Slovenčina</a></li>
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<li><a href="../fi/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/fi.png" alt="" />Suomi</a></li>
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<li><a href="../sv_SE/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/sv_SE.png" alt="" />Svenska</a></li>
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<li><a href="../zh_CN/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/zh_CN.png" alt="" /> 中文 ［中文］</a></li>
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<li><a href="../ru/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/ru.png" alt="" />Русский</a></li>
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<li><a href="../uk/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/uk.png" alt="" />Українська</a></li>
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<li><a href="../jp/bugreports.html"><img src="../images/flags/jp.png" alt="" />日本語</a></li>
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</ul>
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<span>
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<a href="../welcome_id.html" class="uplink">Welcome</a>
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</span></div>
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</div>
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<div id="content">
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<div>
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<div class="box-info">Terjemahan halaman ini belum lengkap. Sampai saat itu, bagian yang belum selesai menggunakan aslinya bahasa Inggris.</div>
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<table class="index" id="index" summary="index">
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<tr class="heading"><td>Indeks</td></tr>
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<tr class="index"><td><a href="#account">Getting a Trac account</a><br />
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<a href="#report">Creating a bug report</a><br />
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<a href="#app">Application bugs</a><br />
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<a href="#server">Server bugs</a><br />
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<a href="#kernel">Kernel bugs</a><br />
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<a href="#kdl">Kernel Debugging Land - KDL</a><br />
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<a href="#syslog">Syslog</a><br />
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<a href="#onscreen">On screen debug output</a><br />
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<a href="#hardware">Hardware/Driver bugs</a><br />
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<a href="#next">What's next?</a></td></tr>
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</table>
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<h1>Reporting bugs</h1>
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<p>Since our developers are unable to test every hardware combination, nor every different way of interacting with the operating system, we are relying on users to give us some input on how things work at their end. Since Haiku is still quite young, it's very likely that you will encounter bugs. We thank you for taking the time to report these. Together we can improve Haiku, bit by bit.</p>
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<p>To keep our bugtracker effective, it's essential to abide by the <a href="http://dev.haiku-os.org/wiki/BugTrackerEtiquette">Bug Tracker Etiquette</a>.</p>
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<h2><a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="account" name="accout">Getting a Trac account</a></h2>
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<p>To file a ticket, you need to have an account at <a href="http://dev.haiku-os.org/register" title="Register at Haiku's Bugtracker">Haiku's Bugtracker</a>.<br />
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When creating a new account, be certain to <b>provide your email address</b> as it is necessary to obtain basic ticket modification privileges. Be sure to <b>check your spam folder</b> shortly afterwards, as the all important verification mail often ends up there.</p>
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<h2><a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="report" name="report">Creating a bug report</a></h2>
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<p>Before reporting a bug, please <a href="http://dev.haiku-os.org/query?status=new&status=assigned&status=reopened&status=closed&summary=%7Etext+you+want+to+search+for&order=priority">make sure</a> that it does not yet exist. You can also use the <a href="http://dev.haiku-os.org/search?q=&noquickjump=1&ticket=on">search</a> function for this.<br />
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After you have established that it's a unique bug, make your information as accurate as possible:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><p>Attempt to reproduce your issue on the current revision of Haiku. Pre-built images for testing purposes are <a href="http://download.haiku-os.org">available</a> online.</p></li>
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<li><p>Include basic information such as how you are testing Haiku (on real hardware, on VMWare, on QEMU, etc.).</p></li>
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<li><p>Mention which revision you are running. You can find this information in <span class="menu">About Haiku...</span> from the Deskbar menu. Also mention what kind of Haiku build you are testing (x86_gcc2, x86_64). The downloadable images are named accordingly, for a self-built image you should know how you built it.</p></li>
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<li><p>Describe the problem you are experiencing. Try to be as accurate as you can: describe the actual behavior, and the behavior you expected.</p></li>
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<li><p>Describe what steps you need to perform in order to expose the bug. This will help developers reproduce the bug.</p></li>
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<li><p>Attach as much information as you have. If it is a GUI bug, or a bug in one of the applications, try to take a screenshot by pressing the <span class="key">PRINT</span> key.</p></li>
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</ul>
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<h2><a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="app" name="app">Application bugs</a></h2>
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<p>When an application crashed, you can either save a report or write a core file (both saved to the Desktop) that you can attach to a bugreport, or you can evoke the <a href="../../userguide/id/applications/debugger.html">Debugger</a>.</p>
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<h2><a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="server" name="server">Server bugs</a></h2>
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<p>When vital servers like the app server, the registrar or the input server crash, you won't see the usual crash alert. Instead the whole screen will be cleared white and the Debugger will be started in text-mode, its output appearing directly on screen. Likely you will still be able to move the mouse, which will overwrite the white and Debugger output on screen. Applications still running (like ProcessController or the clock in the Deskbar) might also draw over the debugger output on screen.<br />
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Besides everything being more ugly and inconvenient, basically the same applies as for application bugs. Most importantly procure a back trace (<span class="cli">bt</span> command). You may need to take a picture of the screen with a digital camera, since you won't be able to copy the text anywhere.<br />
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Depending on what exactly crashed, you can try to save a crash report on the Desktop with <span class="cli">save-report</span> or <span class="cli">write-core</span> for a core file, and then press the power button once to try shutting cleanly down. If the power button doesn't work, there are also the commands <span class="cli">shutdown</span> and <span class="cli">reboot</span>.</p>
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<h2><a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="kernel" name="kernel">Kernel bugs</a></h2>
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<p>Kernel bugs are usually the ones with the most severe effects while at the same time being the hardest to debug. There are different kinds of symptoms, which most likely point to a kernel or driver issue:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><p>The system enters kernel debugging land (KDL) on its own volition. The upper part of the screen is cleared white and several lines of text are printed on it. The second line says "<i>Welcome to Kernel Debugging Land...</i>", the one above it states the immediate reason for entering KDL.</p></li>
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<li><p>The system reboots spontaneously.</p></li>
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<li><p>The system freezes completely. You can't move the mouse and no application draws anything anymore. An important test in that situation is, whether you still can enter KDL via the shortcut <span class="key">ALT</span> <span class="key">SysReq</span> <span class="key">D</span> (<span class="key">SysReq</span> being <span class="key">PRINT</span> on most keyboards). Wait at least a minute to see, if anything happens.</p></li>
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<li><p>The system doesn't boot up correctly. It may reboot spontaneously or stop at some point (e.g. at some icon of the boot screen). In the latter case also try <span class="key">ALT</span> <span class="key">SysReq</span> <span class="key">D</span>.</p></li>
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<li><p>The whole system or some piece of hardware doesn't behave correctly. For example, it could be very slow, errors occur, or something doesn't work at all. If some hardware doesn't work at all, the first obvious check is whether Haiku supports it at all at the moment (e.g. ask on a mailing list or a forum).</p></li>
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</ul>
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<p>Note that while only the last point seems to indicate hardware relation, all the other symptoms could be caused by a bug in a hardware driver as well. If you have a suspicion what piece of hardware or corresponding driver might have to do with the problem, check whether removing/disabling the hardware or the driver makes a difference. For example, if you suspect Wifi you may find that your BIOS has an option to disable it. Or if not, you could blacklist the responsible Wifi driver from your Haiku installation (see <a href="../../userguide/id/bootloader.html">Boot Loader</a>).</p>
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<h3><a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="kdl" name="kdl">Kernel Debugging Land - KDL</a></h3>
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<p>If the system hasn't entered KDL by itself, you can do that intentionally by invoking the keyboard shortcut <span class="key">ALT</span> <span class="key">SysReq</span> <span class="key">D</span> (<span class="key">SysReq</span> being the <span class="key">Print</span> key, normally).<br />
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Note that in KDL your keyboard may not work. PS/2 keyboards always do, with USB keyboards it depends on the type of USB controller (UHCI/EHCI). Generally, the keyboard should be plugged into the port directly, not via any hubs. In some circumstances, the keyboard only works if one has entered KDL via the keyboard shortcut at least once. USB OHCI is not supported at the moment.</p>
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<p>KDL itself is a kind of a shell. One can execute commands that print information about the system. The following commands might be of interest:</p>
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<table summary="layout" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td><span class="cli">bt</span> (aka <span class="cli">sc</span>)</td><td> </td><td>Prints a back trace (aka stack crawl). If the system entered KDL on its on volition, a back trace is normally printed automatically. Enter the command if that didn't happen or part of it is obscured (e.g. when the stack trace is so long that it wrapped around) and your only way of providing the information to developers is by taking a picture of the screen.</td></tr>
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<tr><td><span class="cli">ints</span></td><td> </td><td>Shows the handled and unhandled hardware interrupts.</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="onelinetop"><span class="cli">co</span> (aka <span class="cli">continue</span>)</td><td> </td><td>Leaves the kernel debugger and continues normal operation of the system, if that is possible.</td></tr>
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<tr><td><span class="cli">reboot</span></td><td> </td><td>Reboots the system immediately. You will lose all unsaved data and even those that have been saved, but have not yet been written back to disk.</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>For more information, see the article <a href="http://www.haiku-os.org/documents/dev/welcome_to_kernel_debugging_land">Welcome to Kernel Debugging Land</a>.</p>
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<p>The KDL output is written to the serial port (if you have one, a respective cable, and a second computer to connect with, you can capture the output there via a terminal program) and to the syslog. If you can't leave KDL it won't be written to the syslog file, though. There's a boot loader debug option that allows you to capture it nonetheless (see below).</p>
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<p>You can generate QR codes from KDL output that can then be converted to text using smartphones or similar devices. See the blog post <a href="http://www.haiku-os.org/blog/mmlr/2012-07-01_qr_encode_your_kdl_output">QR Encode your KDL Output</a> on how to get data out of KDL using that feature.</p>
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<h3><a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="syslog" name="syslog">Syslog</a></h3>
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<p><b>This is the preferred method for extracting information from a non-booting system.</b><br />
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The syslog (short for system log) contains valuable information about what has happened in your system, including the output of KDL sessions. It's usually a good idea to attach it to the kernel related Trac ticket. The syslog is written to the file <span class="path">/boot/system/var/log/syslog</span>. Since writing to a file requires a working system, the most recent output might not have made it to the syslog when a kernel problem occurs (particularly on spontaneous reboots or uncontinuable KDL sessions).</p>
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<p>The option <span class="menu">Enable debug syslog</span> in the boot loader's <span class="menu">Debug menu</span> makes the syslog persistent. If the option <span class="menu">Save syslog from previous session during boot</span> is activated in the boot loader options (as it is by default), you'll find the syslog of your last session as <span class="path">/boot/system/var/log/previous_syslog</span>.<br />
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If you're not able to boot to get to the previous_syslog, you have to enter the boot loader menu by holding down <span class="key">SHIFT</span> while booting.<br />
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In the boot loader's <span class="menu">Debug menu</span> you should find the entries <span class="menu">Display syslog from previous session</span> and <span class="menu">Save syslog from previous session</span>. The former displays the syslog on screen, the latter allows you to save it as a file to disk. Note that at the moment only FAT32 volumes are supported for saving the file. If you want to use a USB stick, but have plugged it in too late so that it isn't recognized yet, you can reset the machine and re-enter the boot loader menu. Note: Don't accidentally boot any operating system or the data will be lost.</p>
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<h3><a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="onscreen" name="onscreen">On screen debug output</a></h3>
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<p><b>The on-screen debug output is useful only for debugging very specific issues and is known to have (timing) issues. Don't use it, if you don't have to.</b><br />
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This is only relevant when Haiku fails to boot on your machine and the <span class="menu">Debug syslog</span> option doesn't work for some reason. Before the Haiku boot logo appears, hold <span class="key">SHIFT</span> to enter the boot loader menu. Select <span class="menu">Select safe mode options</span>. Near the bottom, <span class="menu">[ ] Enable on screen debug output</span> will be listed. (Note: The other options could be enabled in an attempt to boot Haiku. If Haiku will boot only when one or more options are activated, be sure to mention which ones.)<br />
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Finally select <span class="menu">Return to main menu</span> and then <span class="menu">Continue booting</span>.<br />
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One or more pages of text will display on the screen, only the last few lines need to be included on your ticket. There's more information on the <a href="../../userguide/id/bootloader.html">Boot Loader</a>.</p>
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<h2><a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="hardware" name="hardware">Hardware/Driver bugs</a></h2>
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<p>When dealing with a hardware/driver related bug, you should attach the following information as text files:</p>
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<table summary="layout" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td>- <span class="cli">listdev</span></td><td> </td><td>A detailed listing of your hardware, including vendor and pci id's, similar to Linux' <span class="cli">lshw</span> and <span class="cli">lspci</span>.</td></tr>
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<tr><td>- <span class="cli">listusb -v</span></td><td> </td><td>Assuming its a USB related issue, similar to <span class="cli">lsusb</span>.</td></tr>
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<tr><td>- <span class="cli">open /var/log/syslog</span></td><td> </td><td>The primary system log used by Haiku, see <a href="#syslog">Syslog</a> above, akin to on screen debugging during boot. With the <span class="cli">open</span> command you can crop down the relevant part of the syslog in a text editor.</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="onelinetop">- <span class="cli">listimage | grep drivers/</span></td><td> </td><td>Lists all used drivers.</td></tr>
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<tr><td>- <span class="cli">usb_hid_report</span></td><td> </td><td>In case of USB input devices, add the <span class="cli">/tmp/usb_hid_report_descriptor_*.bin</span> file.</td></tr>
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<tr><td>- <span class="cli">ints</span></td><td> </td><td>Only available within <i>Kernel Debugging Land</i> (see above). Shows interrupt usage. There shouldn't be too many that are shared by different devices.</td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="3">- On screen debug output (a safe mode boot time option, see <a href="#onscreen">above</a>).</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>The first four commands are entered into Terminal. Add a <span class="cli">> output.txt</span> after a command, and it's piped into a text file called "<tt>output.txt</tt>" that you can attach to your bug report or email.</p>
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<h2><a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="next" name="next">What's next?</a></h2>
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<p>After the bug has been reported, a developer will look at your bug and try to classify it. Remember, we are all volunteers, and as such, sometimes a bug report might go unanswered for a while. Adding new information when it becomes available usually helps getting a bug picked up quicker, but do not try to 'bump' the bug up by adding
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non-descriptive comments.</p>
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<p>Remember, reporting a bug is not something you spend a little time on and then you are done. If you reported a bug, then you are part of the Haiku development process. Developers might come up with questions while they are trying to fix your bug. Please stay around to answer these. Consider your participation 'done' when the bug is marked
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as 'fixed'.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="nav">
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||||
<div class="inner"><span>
|
||||
<a href="../welcome_id.html" class="uplink">Welcome</a>
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</span></div>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="id" xml:lang="id">
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<head>
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<!--
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||||
*
|
||||
* Copyright 2018-2019, Haiku Inc. All rights reserved.
|
||||
* Distributed under the terms of the MIT License.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* Authors:
|
||||
* Humdinger <[email protected]>
|
||||
* Translators:
|
||||
* mazbrili abu ibrahim
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||||
*
|
||||
-->
|
||||
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
|
||||
<meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" />
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||||
<meta name="robots" content="all" />
|
||||
<title>Tour Cepat Haiku</title>
|
||||
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
|
||||
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
|
||||
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../Haiku-doc.css" />
|
||||
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../Haiku-tour.css" />
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
|
||||
<div id="banner">
|
||||
<div><span>Quick Tour</span></div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="nav">
|
||||
<div class="inner">
|
||||
<ul class="lang-menu">
|
||||
<li class="now"><img src="../images/flags/id.png" alt="" /> Bahasa Indonesia</li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../ca/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/ca.png" alt="" />Català</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../de/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/de.png" alt="" />Deutsch</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../en/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/gb.png" alt="" />English</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../es/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/es.png" alt="" />Español</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../fr/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/fr.png" alt="" />Français</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../fur/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/fur.png" alt="" />Furlan</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../it/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/it.png" alt="" />Italiano</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../hu/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/hu.png" alt="" />Magyar</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../pl/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/pl.png" alt="" />Polski</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../pt_PT/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/pt_PT.png" alt="" />Português</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../pt_BR/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/pt_BR.png" alt="" />Português (Brazil)</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../ro/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/ro.png" alt="" />Română</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../sk/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/sk.png" alt="" />Slovenčina</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../fi/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/fi.png" alt="" />Suomi</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../sv_SE/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/sv_SE.png" alt="" />Svenska</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../zh_CN/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/zh_CN.png" alt="" /> 中文 ［中文］</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../ru/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/ru.png" alt="" />Русский</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../uk/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/uk.png" alt="" />Українська</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="../jp/quicktour.html"><img src="../images/flags/jp.png" alt="" />日本語</a></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="navdots">
|
||||
<a href="#start"><acronym title="Start" class="current-page">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#deskbar"><acronym title="The Deskbar">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#window"><acronym title="The window widgets">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#shortcutkey"><acronym title="The shortcut key">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#twitcher"><acronym title="The Twitcher">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#teammonitor"><acronym title="The Team monitor">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#move-resize"><acronym title="Window management: Move & Resize">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#stack"><acronym title="Window management: Stack">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#tile"><acronym title="Window management: Tile">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#workspaces"><acronym title="Workspaces">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#replicants"><acronym title="Replicants">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#singlewindow"><acronym title="Single window navigation">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#drilldown"><acronym title="Drill-down navigation">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#mounting"><acronym title="Mounting volumes">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#filesystem"><acronym title="Filesystem layout">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#queries"><acronym title="Finding files with queries">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#wireless"><acronym title="Wireless connection">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#moresoftware"><acronym title="Getting more and updating software">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
<a href="#end"><acronym title="End">◉</acronym></a>
|
||||
</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span>
|
||||
<a href="#topics" class="uplink">Topics</a>
|
||||
</span>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div id="content">
|
||||
<div>
|
||||
<div class="box-info">Terjemahan halaman ini belum lengkap. Sampai saat itu, bagian yang belum selesai menggunakan aslinya bahasa Inggris.</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<table class="index" id="index" summary="index">
|
||||
<tr class="heading"><td>Index</td></tr>
|
||||
<tr class="index"><td>
|
||||
[1] <a href="#start">Start</a><br />
|
||||
[2] <a href="#deskbar">The Deskbar</a><br />
|
||||
[3] <a href="#window">The window widgets</a><br />
|
||||
[4] <a href="#shortcutkey">The shortcut key</a><br />
|
||||
[5] <a href="#twitcher">The Twitcher</a><br />
|
||||
[6] <a href="#teammonitor">The Team monitor</a><br />
|
||||
[7] <a href="#move-resize">Window management: Move & Resize</a><br />
|
||||
[8] <a href="#stack">Window management: Stack</a><br />
|
||||
[9] <a href="#tile">Window management: Tile</a><br />
|
||||
[10] <a href="#workspaces">Workspaces</a><br />
|
||||
[11] <a href="#replicants">Replicants</a><br />
|
||||
[12] <a href="#singlewindow">Single window navigation</a><br />
|
||||
[13] <a href="#drilldown">Drill-down navigation</a><br />
|
||||
[14] <a href="#mounting">Mounting volumes</a><br />
|
||||
[15] <a href="#filesystem">Filesystem layout</a><br />
|
||||
[16] <a href="#queries">Finding files with queries</a><br />
|
||||
[17] <a href="#wireless">Wireless connection</a><br />
|
||||
[18] <a href="#moresoftware">Getting more and updating software</a><br />
|
||||
[19] <a href="#end">The end</a><br />
|
||||
</td></tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<h1><a id="start" name="start">Selamat Datang di Tur Cepat Haiku</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Sementara Haiku berbagi banyak ide dengan sistem operasi lain, ia memang memiliki pendekatan unik di beberapa area yang pantas untuk ditunjukkan. Hanya dalam beberapa slide, Anda akan belajar tentang fitur Haiku yang paling penting dan kekhasan yang akan membantu Anda mengawali dengan cepat.</p>
|
||||
<p>Di kanan bawah setiap halaman, terdapat tautan untuk "bacaan lebih lanjut" yang mengarah ke sumber daya tambahan, seperti topik terkait di <a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/contents.html" target="_blank">Userguide</a>.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<x-topic>
|
||||
<h1><a id="deskbar" name="deskbar">The Deskbar</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>By default at the top right corner of the desktop, the Deskbar is the hub of interacting with Haiku. You can start applications, applets and preferences from there, for example, and switch between running applications.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- [screenshot of opened deskbar, annotated] -->
|
||||
<div class="shot">
|
||||
<img src="./images/quicktour/deskbar.png" alt="The Deskbar" />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="further">Further reading:<br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/deskbar.html" target="_blank">Deskbar</a></div>
|
||||
</x-topic>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<x-topic>
|
||||
<h1><a id="window" name="window">The window widgets</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Here's a typical Haiku window with its usual widgets:</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- [screenshot of window, annotated: Close button, Zoom button (usually maximizes the window), Double-click the tab to hide/minimize a window (find it again in the Deskbar), Move a window by grabbing it at the tab or border, Resize from the corner or by dragging a border with the right mouse button.] -->
|
||||
<div class="shot">
|
||||
<img src="./images/quicktour/window.png" alt="A window and its widgets" />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="further">Further reading:<br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/gui.html" target="_blank">Haiku's GUI</a></div>
|
||||
</x-topic>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<x-topic>
|
||||
<h1><a id="shortcutkey" name="shortcutkey">The shortcut key</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>The <span class="app">Keymap</span> preferences let you switch from the Haiku standard <span class="key">ALT</span> key to <span class="key">CTRL</span> (Windows/Linux mode). This is a global switch, so for example quitting a program in the shell will then be done with <span class="key">ALT</span> <span class="key">C</span> instead the usual <span class="key">CTRL</span> <span class="key">C</span>.<br />
|
||||
This inconsistancy is one reason for the default <span class="key">ALT</span> shortcut in Haiku.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- [screenshot: Two edit menus (copy/paste/cut) with ALT and CTRL shortcut)] -->
|
||||
<div class="shot">
|
||||
<img src="./images/quicktour/alt-ctrl.png" alt="Shortcut key: ALT vs. CTRL" />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="further">Further reading:<br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/keyboard-shortcuts.html" target="_blank">Shortcuts and key combinations</a></div>
|
||||
</x-topic>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<x-topic>
|
||||
<h1><a id="twitcher" name="twitcher">The Twitcher</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Holding <span class="key">CTRL</span> <span class="key">TAB</span> summons the <span class="app">Twitcher</span> where you switch between running applications.<br />
|
||||
Tapping the <span class="key">TAB</span> key only quickly while holding <span class="key">CTRL</span> switches to the last used application.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="shot">
|
||||
<img src="../images/quicktour/twitcher.png" alt="The Twitcher switching between apps" />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="further">Further reading:<br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/twitcher.html" target="_blank">Twitcher</a></div>
|
||||
</x-topic>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<x-topic>
|
||||
<h1><a id="teammonitor" name="teammonitor">The Team monitor</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>If some application crashed badly and maybe won't disappear from Deskbar's running application list, press <span class="key">CTRL</span> <span class="key">ALT</span> <span class="key">DEL</span> to invoke the <span class="app">Team monitor</span>. Here you can select an entry and kill a misbehaving app.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="shot">
|
||||
<img src="./images/quicktour/teammonitor.png" alt="The Team monitor" />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>A neat way to quickly get rid of an app hanging in the Deskbar is the Vulcan Death Grip.<br />
|
||||
Hold <span class="key">SHIFT</span> <span class="key">CTRL</span> <span class="key">ALT</span> and click on the offending entry in the Deskbar. Poof!</p>
|
||||
<div class="further">Further reading:<br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/teammonitor.html" target="_blank">Team monitor</a></div>
|
||||
</x-topic>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<x-topic>
|
||||
<h1><a id="move-resize" name="move-resize">Window management: Move & Resize</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Haiku offers a neat way to quickly move or resize windows:<br />
|
||||
Holding down <span class="key">CTRL</span> <span class="key">ALT</span> will highlight the window borders nearest to the mouse pointer.<br />
|
||||
Click and dragging with the <i>right</i> mouse button will resize the window along the highlighted border(s).<br />
|
||||
Click and drag with the <i>left</i> mouse button to move it around.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="shot">
|
||||
<img src="./images/quicktour/move-resize.png" alt="Move with CTRL+ALT+left mouse button" />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="further">Further reading:<br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/gui.html#move-resize" target="_blank">A quick way to move or resize windows</a></div>
|
||||
</x-topic>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<x-topic>
|
||||
<h1><a id="stack" name="stack">Window management: Stack</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>"Stacking" is putting windows on top of each other, automatically moving the yellow tabs into position.<br />
|
||||
While holding the <span class="key">OPT</span> key (normally that's <span class="key">WIN</span> on the keyboard), tabs change color when they overlap; drop the window to establish the stacking.<br />
|
||||
You un-stack by holding <span class="key">OPT</span> and dragging a window out of its group by the yellow tab.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Gif created from 3 images at https://ezgif.com/maker/
|
||||
Delay time 200 (= 2 secs), option "Don't stack frames" -->
|
||||
<div class="shot">
|
||||
<img src="./images/quicktour/stack.gif" alt="Stacking windows" />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="further">Further reading:<br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/gui.html#stack-tile" target="_blank">Stack & Tile</a></div>
|
||||
</x-topic>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<x-topic>
|
||||
<h1><a id="tile" name="tile">Window management: Tile</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>"Tiling" means gluing windows horizontally or vertically together.<br />
|
||||
While holding <span class="key">OPT</span>, the borders that'll fuse together when you drop the window change color when brought near each other.<br />
|
||||
You un-tile by holding <span class="key">OPT</span> and dragging a window out of its group by the yellow tab.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Gif created from 3 images at https://ezgif.com/maker/
|
||||
Delay time 200 (= 2 secs), option "Don't stack frames" -->
|
||||
<div class="shot">
|
||||
<img src="./images/quicktour/tile.gif" alt="Tiling windows" />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="further">Further reading:<br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/gui.html#stack-tile" target="_blank">Stack & Tile</a></div>
|
||||
</x-topic>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<x-topic>
|
||||
<h1><a id="workspaces" name="workspaces">Workspaces</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Workspaces are virtual desktops, complete with their own resolution, color depth and background.<br />
|
||||
Up to 32 of these workspaces can be set from the <span class="app">Screen</span> preferences.</p>
|
||||
<p>The <span class="app">Workspaces</span> desktop applet can be used to change workspaces or to drag a window from one to another.</p>
|
||||
<p>The quick keyboard shortcut to change workspaces is <span class="key">CTRL</span> <span class="key">ALT</span> <span class="key">←</span> / <span class="key">→</span> / <span class="key">↑</span> / <span class="key">↓</span>.<br />
|
||||
If you add <span class="key">SHIFT</span> to that, the active window is taken with you to that workspace.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="shot">
|
||||
<img src="./images/quicktour/workspaces.png" alt="The Workspaces applet" />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="further">Further reading:<br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/workspaces.html" target="_blank">Workspaces</a><br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/preferences/screen.html" target="_blank">Screen</a></div>
|
||||
</x-topic>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<x-topic>
|
||||
<h1><a id="replicants" name="replicants">Replicants</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Replicants are small self-contained parts of applications that can be integrated into the Desktop (and other programs).<br />
|
||||
Provided Deskbar's option to <span class="menu">Show replicants</span> is activated, replicants are indicated by a small handle.<br />
|
||||
You can drag & drop them by the handle onto the Desktop, where they are fully functional without their parent app running.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- [screenshot of various Replicants] -->
|
||||
<div class="shot">
|
||||
<img src="./images/quicktour/replicant.png" alt="A weather app and its replicant" />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>You can move a replicant by its handle and remove it with a right-click on it and choosing <span class="menu">Remove replicant</span>.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="further">Further reading:<br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/gui.html#replicants" target="_blank">Replicants</a></div>
|
||||
</x-topic>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<x-topic>
|
||||
<h1><a id="singlewindow" name="singlewindow">Single window navigation</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Double-clicking your way down folder after folder, you'll quickly end up with many open Tracker windows.<br />
|
||||
Holding the <span class="key">OPT</span> key (normally <span class="key">WIN</span> on the keyboard) prevents this as it automatically closes the parent folder.<br />
|
||||
Alternatively, you can activate <span class="menu">Single window navigation</span> from the <span class="app">Tracker</span> preferences.<br />
|
||||
<span class="menu">Show navigator</span> will add back/forward buttons.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- [screenshot: Tracker preferences and Tracker window with navigator] -->
|
||||
<div class="shot">
|
||||
<img src="./images/quicktour/singlewindow.png" alt="Using Single window navigation" />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="further">Further reading:<br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/tracker.html" target="_blank">Tracker</a></div>
|
||||
</x-topic>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<x-topic>
|
||||
<h1><a id="drilldown" name="drilldown">Drill-down navigation</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>A nice alternative to opening a deep hierarchy of folders is called "drill-down navigation". Right-clicking a folder or anywhere in a Tracker window (or the Desktop) will open a context menu. Beside various expected commands, there's a menu of the current folder at the top that contains all its subfolders.<br />
|
||||
Drill your way down until you find the folder or file to open.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="shot">
|
||||
<img src="./images/quicktour/drilldown.png" alt="Drilling down folder hierarchies" />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="further">Further reading:<br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/tracker.html#navigating" target="_blank">Tracker navigation</a></div>
|
||||
</x-topic>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<x-topic>
|
||||
<h1><a id="mounting" name="mounting">Mounting volumes</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>In order to access a harddisk, CD, USB stick etc., you first have to mount the volume. Once mounted, its icon appears on the Desktop.<br />
|
||||
This is done with a right-click on the Desktop or an already mounted volume (like the boot disk) and choosing the volume from the <span class="menu">Mount</span> submenu. You find the same <span class="menu">Mount</span> menu in the Deskbar. ISO images can be mounted with a double-click.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="box-warning">Before removing a USB drive etc., you have to right-click its icon and choose <span class="menu">Unmount</span> and wait for its icon to disappear. Otherwise you may lose data not yet written to it!</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="shot">
|
||||
<img src="./images/quicktour/mount.png" alt="Mounting a volume" />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="further">Further reading:<br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/tracker.html#mounting-volumes" target="_blank">Mounting volumes</a></div>
|
||||
</x-topic>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<x-topic>
|
||||
<h1><a id="filesystem" name="filesystem">Filesystem layout</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>While Haiku is currently not multi-user, there are already two branches in the filesystem tree:</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<table summary="layout" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8">
|
||||
<tr><td><img src="../images/quicktour/folder_haiku.png" alt="System" /><br /><span class="path">/boot/system/</span></td><td> </td><td>The system hierarchy contains system files and settings for all users. The package management makes most folders under /system effectively read-only. Packages contain all their files in a fixed folder hierarchy. Upon installation, a package gets "mounted" and all its files just appear to be in that hierarchy in the /system folder.<br />
|
||||
The folders there (like <i>add-ons</i>, <i>apps</i>, <i>bin</i> etc.) are just a virtual amalgamation of all the installed packages and are therefore read-only. Exceptions are <i>cache</i>, <i>non-packaged</i>, <i>settings</i>, and <i>var</i>.
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><span class="path">/system/packages/</span> is the default install location for software.</li>
|
||||
<li><span class="path">/system/documentation/</span> is used by some applications to store their manual.</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
</td></tr>
|
||||
<tr><td><img src="../images/quicktour/folder_home.png" alt="Home" /><br /><span class="path">/boot/home/</span></td><td> </td><td>The home hierarchy is your personal folder where you keep your data and settings. The folder /boot/home/config (or shortened ~/config) mirrors the /system folder described above and is likewise virtually read-only with the same exceptions of <i>cache</i>, <i>non-packaged</i>, <i>settings</i>, and <i>var</i>.
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><span class="path">~/Desktop/</span> is where the files of your Desktop live.</li>
|
||||
<li><span class="path">~/config/settings/</span> is where the system and applications store your settings.</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
</td></tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>The writable <i>non-packaged</i> folders mirror the hierarchy of the /system or ~/config/ hierarchy (<i>add-ons</i>, <i>apps</i>, <i>bin</i>…).<br />
|
||||
Software that doesn't come in form of a HPKG package can be installed here.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="further">Further reading:<br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/filesystem-layout.html" target="_blank">Filesystem layout</a><br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/applications.html" target="_blank">Applications</a><br />
|
||||
<a href="https://git.haiku-os.org/haiku/tree/docs/develop/packages/DirectoryStructure.rst" target="_blank">Directory structure</a></div>
|
||||
</x-topic>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<x-topic>
|
||||
<h1><a id="queries" name="queries">Finding files with queries</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Files on Haiku formatted (BFS) volumes are quickly searched with <span class="menu">Find…</span> from the Deskbar. Instead of file and folder names, you can also look through filetype specific attributes, e.g. for an artist in your MP3 collection.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- [screenshot of Find window and result window of Artitst == Fairport] -->
|
||||
<div class="shot">
|
||||
<img src="./images/quicktour/query.png" alt="Finding all MP3s of an artist" />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="further">Further reading:<br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/queries.html" target="_blank">Queries</a><br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/workshop-filetypes+attributes.html" target="_blank">Filetypes, Attributes, Index and Queries</a></div>
|
||||
</x-topic>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<x-topic>
|
||||
<h1><a id="wireless" name="wireless">Wireless connection</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>You can connect to your WLAN router either by right-clicking the <span class="app">NetworkStatus</span> icon in Deskbar's tray,<br />
|
||||
or by selecting your network from the <span class="app">Network</span> preferences.<br />
|
||||
When the connection is established, you'll be asked for the network's encryption and password.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- [screenshot of Network prefs, context menu of icon in deskbar] -->
|
||||
<div class="shot">
|
||||
<img src="./images/quicktour/wireless.png" alt="Connecting with a wireless network" />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="further">Further reading:<br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/workshop-wlan.html" target="_blank">Wireless networking</a><br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/desktop-applets/networkstatus.html" target="_blank">NetworkStatus</a><br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/preferences/network.html" target="_blank">Network preferences</a></div>
|
||||
</x-topic>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<x-topic>
|
||||
<h1><a id="moresoftware" name="moresoftware">Getting more and updating software</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p><span class="app">HaikuDepot</span> from the Deskbar's applications menu is where to search, install and uninstall software packages.<br />
|
||||
<span class="app">SoftwareUpdater</span> should be started from time to time to update installed software as well as Haiku itself.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- [screenshot of HaikuDepot and SoftwareUpdater] -->
|
||||
<div class="shot">
|
||||
<img src="./images/quicktour/moresoftware.png" alt="Installing and updating apps" />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="further">Further reading:<br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/applications/haikudepot.html" target="_blank">HaikuDepot</a><br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/applications/softwareupdater.html" target="_blank">SoftwareUpdater</a><br />
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/preferences/repositories.html" target="_blank">Repositories</a></div>
|
||||
</x-topic>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<h1><a id="end" name="end">Tamat</a></h1>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Ini adalah akhir dari tur. Kami harap ini membantu Anda dengan cepat merasa betah dalam OS baru Anda!</p>
|
||||
<p>Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, lihat <a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/welcome/welcome_en.html" target="_blank"> halaman Selamat Datang </a> dan <a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/{LANG}/contents.html" target="_blank">Panduan Pengguna</a>.<br />
|
||||
Anda juga dapat bergabung dengan <a href="https://discuss.haiku-os.org/" target="_blank">Webforum</a> dan <a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/community/irc/" target="_blank">main IRC channel #haiku</a> untuk mendapatkan bantuan atau mendiskusikan ide-ide Anda.</p>
|
||||
<p>Situs web Haiku memiliki informasi cara <a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/community/getting-involved/" target="_blank"> terlibat </a> dalam mendorong Haiku maju. Anda juga dapat membuat <a href="https://www.haiku-os.org/community/donating_to_haiku" target="_blank"> donasi keuangan </a>.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p><br /></p>
|
||||
<div class="shot">
|
||||
<a href="https://www.haiku-os.org"><img src="../images/quicktour/haiku_logo_square.png" alt="Visit the Haiku website at https://www.haiku-os.org" /></a>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p><br /></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user